Atlantic Biologicals Corps

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2.1 Important Administration Instructions

Levetiracetam oral solution, USP is given orally with or without food. The levetiracetam oral solution, USP dosing regimen depends on the indication, age group, dosage form (tablets or oral solution), and renal function.

Prescribe the oral solution for pediatric patients with body weight ≤ 20 kg. Prescribe the oral solution or tablets for pediatric patients with body weight above 20 kg.

When using the oral solution in pediatric patients, dosing is weight-based (mg per kg) using a calibrated measuring device (not a household teaspoon or tablespoon).

2.2 Partial Onset Seizures

Adults 16 Years and Older

In clinical trials, daily doses of 1000 mg, 2000 mg, and 3000 mg, given as twice-daily dosing were shown to be effective. Although in some studies there was a tendency toward greater response with higher dose [ ], a consistent increase in response with increased dose has not been shown. seeClinical Studies (14.1)

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 1000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Additional dosing increments may be given (1000 mg/day additional every 2 weeks) to a maximum recommended daily dose of 3000 mg. Doses greater than 3000 mg/day have been used in open-label studies for periods of 6 months and longer. There is no evidence that doses greater than 3000 mg/day confer additional benefit.

Pediatric Patients

1 Month to < 6 Months

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 14 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (7 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 14 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 42 mg/kg (21 mg/kg twice daily). In the clinical trial, the mean daily dose was 35 mg/kg in this age group. The effectiveness of lower doses has not been studied.

6 Months to <4 Years

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased in 2 weeks by an increment of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 50 mg/kg (25 mg/kg twice daily). If a patient cannot tolerate a daily dose of 50 mg/kg, the daily dose may be reduced. In the clinical trial, the mean daily dose was 47 mg/kg in this age group.

4 Years to < 16 Years

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 60 mg/kg (30 mg/kg twice daily). If a patient cannot tolerate a daily dose of 60 mg/kg, the daily dose may be reduced. In the clinical efficacy trial, the mean daily dose was 44 mg/kg. The maximum daily dose was 3000 mg/day.

  Levetiracetam Oral Solution, USPWeight-Based Dosing Calculation For Pediatric Patients

The following calculation should be used to determine the appropriate daily dose of oral solution for pediatric patients:

Daily dose (mg/kg/day) x patient weight (kg)

Total daily dose (mL/day) = ---------------------------------------

100 mg/mL

2.3 Myoclonic Seizures in Patients 12 Years of Age and Older With Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Treatment should be initiated with a dose of 1000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Dosage should be increased by 1000 mg/day every 2 weeks to the recommended daily dose of 3000 mg. The effectiveness of doses lower than 3000 mg/day has not been studied.

2.4 Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures

Adults 16 Years and Older

Treatment should be initiated with a dose of 1000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Dosage should be increased by 1000 mg/day every 2 weeks to the recommended daily dose of 3000 mg. The effectiveness of doses lower than 3000 mg/day has not been adequately studied.

Pediatric Patients Ages 6 to <16 Years

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 60 mg/kg (30 mg/kg twice daily). The effectiveness of doses lower than 60 mg/kg/day has not been adequately studied. Patients with body weight ≤20 kg should be dosed with oral solution. Patients with body weight above 20 kg can be dosed with either tablets or oral solution [ ]. Only whole tablets should be administered. seeDosage and Administration (2.1)

2.5 Adult Patients with Impaired Renal Function

Levetiracetam oral solution, USP dosing must be individualized according to the patient’s renal function status. Recommended doses and adjustment for dose for adults are shown in Table 1. In order to calculate the dose recommended for patients with renal impairment, creatinine clearance adjusted for body surface area must be calculated. To do this an estimate of the patient’s creatinine clearance (CLcr) in mL/min must first be calculated using the following formula:

[140-age (years)] x weight (kg)    (x 0.85

CLcr= -----------------------------------------  for female

72 x serum creatinine (mg/dL)     patients)

Then CLcr is adjusted for body surface area (BSA) as follows:

CLcr (mL/min)

CLcr (mL/min/1.73m )=  ---------------------------- x 1.73 2

BSA subject (m ) 2

Table 1: Dosing Adjustment Regimen For Adult Patients With Impaired Renal Function   Group   Creatinine Clearance (mL/min/1.73m ) 2   Dosage (mg)   Frequency   Following dialysis, a 250 to 500 mg supplemental dose is recommended. 1  Normal  > 80  500 to 1,500  Every 12 hours  Mild  50 to 80  500 to 1,000  Every 12 hours  Moderate  30 to 50  250 to 750  Every 12 hours  Severe  < 30  250 to 500  Every 12 hours  ESRD patients using dialysis  ----  500 to 1,000 1  Every 24 hours 1

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• shake well before use

• do not take more than 8 teaspoonfuls in 24 hours or use the maximum dosage for more than 2 weeks

• adults and children 12 years and older: take 2 to 4 teaspoonfuls two times a day, or as directed by a doctor

• children under 12 years: ask a doctor

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• shake well before use

• adults and children 12 years and older: take 2 to 4 teaspoonfuls four times a day, or as directed by a doctor

• do not take more than 16 teaspoonfuls in 24 hours or use the maximum dosage for more than 2 weeks

• children under 12 years: ask a doctor

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(see ). It is important that Hydrocodone Polistirex and Chlorpheniramine Polistirex Pennkinetic Extended-Release Suspension is measured with an accurate measuring devicePRECAUTIONS, Information for Patients

A dosing spoon is provided with the 4 oz (115 mL) packaged product. One side of the spoon is for a 2.5 mL dose. The other side of the spoon is for a 5 mL dose. Fill to level the side of the spoon for the dose that has been prescribed. Do not overfill. Rinse with water after each use.

For prescriptions where a dosing spoon is not provided, a pharmacist can provide an appropriate measuring device and can provide instructions for measuring the correct dose. A household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device and could lead to overdosage.

Each 5 mL of Hydrocodone Polistirex and Chlorpheniramine Polistirex Pennkinetic Extended-Release Suspension contains hydrocodone polistirex equivalent to 10 mg hydrocodone bitartrate, and chlorpheniramine polistirex equivalent to 8 mg chlorpheniramine maleate. Shake well before using. Rinse the measuring device with water after each use.

Adults and Children 12 Years and Older

5 mL every 12 hours; do not exceed 10 mL in 24 hours.

Children 6-11 Years of Age

2.5 mL every 12 hours; do not exceed 5 mL in 24 hours.

This medicine is contraindicated in children under 6 years of age (see ). CONTRAINDICATIONS

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2.1 Important Administration Instructions

Levetiracetam oral solution is given orally with or without food. The levetiracetam dosing regimen depends on the indication, age group, dosage form, and renal function.

Prescribe the oral solution for pediatric patients with body weight ≤ 20 kg.

When using the oral solution in pediatric patients, dosing is weight-based (mg per kg) using a calibrated measuring device (not a household teaspoon or tablespoon).

2.2 Partial Onset Seizures

Adults 16 Years And Older

In clinical trials, daily doses of 1000 mg, 2000 mg, and 3000 mg, given as twice-daily dosing were shown to be effective. Although in some studies there was a tendency toward greater response with higher dose , a consistent increase in response with increased dose has not been shown. [see ] Clinical Studies (14.1)

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 1000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Additional dosing increments may be given (1000 mg/day additional every 2 weeks) to a maximum recommended daily dose of 3000 mg. Doses greater than 3000 mg/day have been used in open-label studies for periods of 6 months and longer. There is no evidence that doses greater than 3000 mg/day confer additional benefit.

Pediatric Patients

1 Month To < 6 Months

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 14 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (7 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 14 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 42 mg/kg (21 mg/kg twice daily). In the clinical trial, the mean daily dose was 35 mg/kg in this age group. The effectiveness of lower doses has not been studied.

6 Months To <4 Years

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased in 2 weeks by an increment of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 50 mg/kg (25 mg/kg twice daily). If a patient cannot tolerate a daily dose of 50 mg/kg, the daily dose may be reduced. In the clinical trial, the mean daily dose was 47 mg/kg in this age group.

4 Years To < 16 Years

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 60 mg/kg (30 mg/kg twice daily). If a patient cannot tolerate a daily dose of 60 mg/kg, the daily dose may be reduced. In the clinical efficacy trial, the mean daily dose was 44 mg/kg. The maximum daily dose was 3000 mg/day.

Levetiracetam Oral Solution Weight-Based Dosing Calculation For Pediatric Patients

The following calculation should be used to determine the appropriate daily dose of oral solution for pediatric patients:

Total daily dose (mL/day) =

Daily dose (mg/kg/day) x patient weight (kg)

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100 mg/mL

2.3 Myoclonic Seizures In Patients 12 Years of Age and Older With Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Treatment should be initiated with a dose of 1000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Dosage should be increased by 1000 mg/day every 2 weeks to the recommended daily dose of 3000 mg. The effectiveness of doses lower than 3000 mg/day has not been studied.

2.4 Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures

Adults 16 Years And Older

Treatment should be initiated with a dose of 1000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Dosage should be increased by 1000 mg/day every 2 weeks to the recommended daily dose of 3000 mg. The effectiveness of doses lower than 3000 mg/day has not been adequately studied.

Pediatric Patients Ages 6 To <16 Years

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 60 mg/kg (30 mg/kg twice daily). The effectiveness of doses lower than 60 mg/kg/day has not been adequately studied. Patients with body weight ≤ 20 kg should be dosed with oral solution . [see ] Dosage and Administration (2.1)

2.5 Adult Patients With Impaired Renal Function

Levetiracetam dosing must be individualized according to the patient's renal function status. Recommended doses and adjustment for dose for adults are shown in Table 1. In order to calculate the dose recommended for patients with renal impairment, creatinine clearance adjusted for body surface area must be calculated. To do this an estimate of the patient's creatinine clearance (CLcr) in mL/min must first be calculated using the following formula:

CLcr =

[140-age (years)] x weight (kg)

------------------------------------ 72 x serum creatinine (mg/dL)

(x 0.85 for female patients)

Then CLcr is adjusted for body surface area (BSA) as follows:

CLcr (mL/min/1.73m ) = 2

CLcr (mL/min)

------------------------------------ BSA subject (m ) 2

x 1.73

Table 1: Dosing Adjustment Regimen For Adult Patients With Impaired Renal Function

* Following dialysis, a 250 to 500 mg supplemental dose is recommended. Group (mL/min/1.73m )

Creatinine Clearance

2 Dosage (mg) Frequency Normal > 80 500 to 1,500 Every 12 hours Mild 50 – 80 500 to 1,000 Every 12 hours Moderate 30 – 50 250 to 750 Every 12 hours Severe < 30 250 to 500 Every 12 hours ESRD Patients using dialysis ---- 500 to 1,000 * Every 24 hours   *

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The recommended adult initial dosage of Megace ES oral suspension is 625 mg/day (5 mL/day or one teaspoon daily). Shake the container well before using. ®

This strength (125 mg/mL) is not substitutable with other strengths (e.g., 40 mg/mL). Refer to the prescribing information of the 40 mg/mL product for dosage recommendations for the 40 mg/mL strength.

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Not recommended for use in pediatric patients less than 2 months of age.

Urinary Tract Infections and Shigellosis in Adults and Pediatric Patients, and Acute Otitis Media in Children

Adults

The usual adult dosage in the treatment of urinary tract infections is four teaspoonfuls (20mL) Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim oral suspension every 12 hours for 10 to 14 days. An identical daily dosage is used for 5 days in the treatment of shigellosis.

Children

The recommended dose for children with urinary tract infections or acute otitis media is 40 mg/kg sulfamethoxazole and 8 mg/kg trimethoprim per 24 hours, given in two divided doses every 12 hours for 10 days. An identical daily dosage is used for 5 days in the treatment of shigellosis. The following table is a guideline for the attainment of this dosage:

Children 2 months of age or older:

Weight Dose - every 12 hours lb kg Teaspoonfuls 22 10 1 (5 mL) 44 20 2 (10 mL) 66 30 3 (15 mL) 88 40 4 (20 mL)

: When renal function is impaired, a reduced dosage should be employed using the following table: For Patients with Impaired Renal Function

Creatinine Clearance (mL/min) Recommended Dosage Regimen Above 30 Use standard regimen 15 to 30 ½ the usual regimen Below 15 Use not recommended

Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis in Adults

The usual adult dosage in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis is four teaspoonfuls (20 mL) sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim oral suspension every 12 hours for 14 days.

Pneumonia Pneumocystis Carinii

Treatment

Adults and Children: The recommended dosage for treatment of patients with documented Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is 75 to 100 mg/kg sulfamethoxazole and 15 to 20 mg/kg trimethoprim per 24 hours given in equally divided doses every 6 hours for 14 to 21 days. The following table is a guideline for the upper limit of this dosage: 10

Weight Dose - every 6 hours lb kg Teaspoonfuls 18 8 1 (5 mL) 35 16 2 (10 mL) 53 24 3 (15 mL) 70 32 4 (20 mL) 88 40 5 (25 mL) 106 48 6 (30 mL) 141 64 8 (40 mL) 176 80 10 (50 mL)

For the lower limit dose (75 mg/kg sulfamethoxazole and 15 mg/kg trimethoprim per 24 hours) administer 75% of the dose in the above table.

Prophylaxis

Adults

The recommended dosage for prophylaxis in adults is four teaspoonfuls (20 mL) of the oral suspension daily. 11

Children

For children, the recommended dose is 750 mg/m /day sulfamethoxazole with 150 mg/m /day trimethoprim given orally in equally divided doses twice a day, on 3 consecutive days per week. The total daily dose should not exceed 1600 mg sulfamethoxazole and 320 mg trimethoprim. The following table is a guideline for the attainment of this dosage in children: 2212

Body Surface Area Dose - every 12 hours (m ) 2 Teaspoonfuls 0.26 ½ (2.5 mL) 0.53 1 (5 mL) 1.06 2 (10 mL)

Travelers’ Diarrhea in Adults

For the treatment of travelers' diarrhea, the usual adult dosage is four teaspoonfuls (20 mL) of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim oral suspension every 12 hours for 5 days.