Thrombin Human

Active Ingredients:

Human thrombin (1600-2400 units)

Other Ingredients:

Calcium chloride, Human albumin, Mannitol, Sodium acetate

EVITHROM is made from pooled Human Source and Recovered Plasma obtained from US licensed plasma collection centers. Individual plasma units obtained for production of EVITHROM are tested by licensed serological tests for HBsAg, HIV 1 & 2 Ab and HCV Ab and recovered plasma units are also tested for HTLV I/II. Additionally, the plasma units are tested by licensed Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT) for HIV-1, HCV, HBV, HAV and parvovirus 19. All tests for HIV, HCV, HBV and HAV must be negative (non-reactive). However, since the effectiveness of the HBV and HAV NAT methods in detecting low levels of viral material is still under investigation, the significance of a negative result for these viruses is unknown. The level of parvovirus B19 contamination is not permitted to exceed 10,000 copies/ml. This limit is applied to restrict the viral load of parvovirus B19 in the starting plasma pool. In addition to the screening of plasma units, each manufacturing pool is tested for HBsAg, HIV-1 & 2 Ab, and for HCV NAT. Manufacturing pool testing, however, is of lower sensitivity than individual unit testing.

EVITHROM is manufactured by chromatographic purification of prothrombin from cryo-poor plasma followed by activation with calcium chloride. The manufacturing process includes two targeted steps for inactivation or removal of viruses. The first of these is treatment with a solvent/detergent (S/D) mixture (1% tri-n-butyl phosphate, 1% Triton X-100) for 6 hours at 26°C to inactivate lipid enveloped viruses. The S/D reagents are removed by cation exchange chromatography. Mannitol and human albumin are used to stabilize the solution, which undergoes nanofiltration for removal of both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. After nanofiltration, the solution is formulated with calcium chloride, sterile filtered and aseptically filled and frozen.

The effectiveness of the S/D treatment and nanofiltration procedures for reducing virus content has been assessed using a series of viruses with a range of physico-chemical characteristics. The results of the validation studies are summarized in Table 2.