Ammonia N-13

Ammonia N-13

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Uses

Ammonia N 13 Injection USP is indicated for diagnostic Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the myocardium under rest or pharmacologic stress conditions to evaluate myocardial perfusion in patients with suspected or existing coronary artery disease.

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Other Information

11.1 Chemical Characteristics

Ammonia N 13 Injection is a positron emitting radiopharmaceutical that is used for diagnostic purposes in conjunction with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The active ingredient, [13N] ammonia, has the molecular formula of 13NH3with a molecular weight of 16.03, and has the following chemical structure:image of chemical structure

Ammonia N 13 Injection is provided as a ready to use sterile, pyrogen-free, clear and colorless solution.  Each mL of the solution contains between 0.138 GBq to 1.387 GBq (3.75 mCi to 37.5mCi) of [13N] ammonia, at the end of synthesis (EOS) reference time, in 0.9% aqueous sodium chloride.  The pH of the solution is between 4.5 to 7.5. The recommended dose of radioactivity (10-20 mCi) is associated with a theoretical mass dose of 0.5-1.0 picomoles (8.47-16.94 picograms) of ammonia.

11.2 Physical Characteristics

Nitrogen N13 decays by emitting positron to Carbon C13 (stable) and has a physical half-life of 9.96 minutes.  The principal photons useful for imaging are the dual 511 keV gamma photons that are produced and emitted simultaneously in opposite direction when the positron interacts with an electron (Table 2).

Table 2: Principal Radiation Emission Data for Nitrogen 13
Radiation/Emission %Per Disintegration Energy
*
Produced by positron annihilation
Positron(β+) 100 1190 keV (Max.)
Gamma(±)* 200 511 keV

The specific gamma ray constant (point source air kerma coefficient) for nitrogen N13 is 5.9 R/hr/mCi (1.39 x 10-6 Gy/hr/kBq) at 1 cm.  The half-value layer (HVL) of lead (Pb) for 511 keV photons is 4 mm. Selected coefficients of attenuation are listed in Table 3 as a function of lead shield thickness. For example, the use of 39 mm thickness of lead will attenuate the external radiation by a factor of about 1000.

Table 3: Radiation Attenuation of 511 keV Photons by lead (Pb) shielding
Shield Thickness (Pb) mm Coefficient of Attenuation
4 0.5
8 0.25
13 0.1
26 0.01
39 0.001
52 0.0001

Table 4 lists fractions remaining at selected time intervals from the calibration time.  This information may be used to correct for physical decay of the radionuclide.

Table 4: Physical Decay Chart for Nitrogen N 13
Minutes Fraction Remaining
*
Calibration time
0* 1.000
5 0.706
10 0.499
15 0.352
20 0.249
25 0.176
30 0.124

Ammonia N-13 Manufacturers


  • Brigham And Women’s Hospital, Inc., The
    Ammonia N-13 Injection [Brigham And Women’s Hospital, Inc., The]
  • Precision Nuclear Llc
    Ammonia N-13 Injection, Solution [Precision Nuclear Llc]
  • Cardinal Health 414, Llc
    Ammonia N-13 Injection [Cardinal Health 414, Llc]

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