Cholbam

Cholbam

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Questions & Answers

Side Effects & Adverse Reactions

1. Cardiac Conduction

Diltiazem hydrochloride prolongs AV node refractory periods without significantly prolonging sinus node recovery time, except in patients with sick sinus syndrome. This effect may rarely result in abnormally slow heart rates (particularly in patients with sick sinus syndrome) or second- or third-degree AV block (13 of 3007 patients or 0.43%). Concomitant use of diltiazem with beta-blockers or digitalis may result in additive effects on cardiac conduction. A patient with Prinzmetal’s angina developed periods of asystole (2 to 5 seconds) after a single dose of 60 mg of diltiazem.

2. Congestive Heart Failure

Although diltiazem has a negative inotropic effect in isolated animal tissue preparations, hemodynamic studies in humans with normal ventricular function have not shown a reduction in cardiac index nor consistent negative effects on contractility (dp/dt). An acute study of oral diltiazem in patients with impaired ventricular function (ejection fraction 24% ± 6%) showed improvement in indices of ventricular function without significant decrease in contractile function (dp/dt). Worsening of congestive heart failure has been reported in patients with preexisting impairment of ventricular function. Experience with the use of diltiazem hydrochloride in combination with beta-blockers in patients with impaired ventricular function is limited. Caution should be exercised when using this combination.

3. Hypotension

Decreases in blood pressure associated with diltiazem hydrochloride therapy may occasionally result in symptomatic hypotension.

4. Acute Hepatic Injury

Mild elevations of transaminases with and without concomitant elevation in alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin have been observed in clinical studies. Such elevations were usually transient and frequently resolved even with continued diltiazem treatment. In rare instances, significant elevations in enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, LDH, SGOT, and SGPT, and other phenomena consistent with acute hepatic injury have been noted. These reactions tended to occur early after therapy initiation (1 to 8 weeks) and have been reversible upon discontinuation of drug therapy. The relationship to diltiazem hydrochloride is uncertain in some cases, but probable in some (see PRECAUTIONS).

Legal Issues

There is currently no legal information available for this drug.

FDA Safety Alerts

There are currently no FDA safety alerts available for this drug.

Manufacturer Warnings

There is currently no manufacturer warning information available for this drug.

FDA Labeling Changes

There are currently no FDA labeling changes available for this drug.

Uses

Hypertension

Diltiazem Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules USP (Once-a-Day Dosage) are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive medications.

Chronic Stable Angina

Diltiazem Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules USP (Once-a-Day Dosage) are indicated for the treatment of chronic stable angina.

History

There is currently no drug history available for this drug.

Other Information

Diltiazem hydrochloride is a calcium ion cellular influx inhibitor (slow channel blocker or calcium antagonist). Chemically, diltiazem hydrochloride is 1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one, 3-(acetyloxy)-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, monohydro chloride, (+)-cis-. The chemical structure is:

Diltiazem hydrochloride structural formula

Diltiazem hydrochloride is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a bitter taste. It is soluble in water, methanol and chloroform and has a molecular weight of 450.98. Its molecular formula is C22H26N2O4S•HCl. Diltiazem Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules USP (Once-a-Day Dosage) contain diltiazem hydrochloride in extended-release pellets at doses of 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 mg.

Diltiazem Hydrochloride Extended-release Capsules USP (Once-a-Day Dosage) also contain: black iron oxide, corn starch, ethylcellulose, D&C Yellow #10 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue #1 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue #2 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Red #40 Aluminum Lake, gelatin, hypromellose 2910, magnesium stearate, nonoxynol 100, pharmaceutical glaze, polysorbate 80, polyacrylic dispersion, povidone, propylene glycol, sucrose, talc and titanium dioxide. The 120 mg capsules also contain: D&C Red #28, FD&C Blue #1 and FD&C Red #40. The 180 mg capsules also contain: D&C Yellow #10, FD&C Blue #1 and FD&C Yellow #6. The 240 mg capsules also contain: D&C Red #28, FD&C Blue #1 and FD&C Red #40. The 300 mg capsules also contain: D&C Red #28, D&C Yellow #10, FD&C Blue #1, FD&C Red #40 and FD&C Yellow #6. The 360 mg capsules also contain: FD&C Blue #1.

For oral administration.

Meets USP requirements for dissolution test 15.

Cholbam Manufacturers


  • Manchester Pharmaceuticals
    Cholbam (Cholic Acid) Capsule [Manchester Pharmaceuticals]

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