L-cysteine Hydrochloride

L-cysteine Hydrochloride

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Questions & Answers

Side Effects & Adverse Reactions

Peripheral intravenous infusion of amino acids may induce a rise in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) especially in patients with impaired hepatic or renal function. Appropriate laboratory tests should be performed periodically and infusion discontinued if BUN levels exceed normal postprandial limits and continue to rise. It should be noted that a modest rise in BUN normally occurs as a result of increased protein intake.

Administration of amino acid solutions to a patient with hepatic insufficiency may result in serum amino acid imbalances, metabolic alkalosis, prerenal azotemia, hyperammonemia, stupor and coma.

Administration of amino acid solutions in the presence of impaired renal function may augment an increasing BUN, as does any protein dietary component.

Solutions containing sodium ion should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.

Solutions which contain potassium ion should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with hyperkalemia, severe renal failure and in conditions in which potassium retention is present.

Solutions containing acetate ion should be used with great care in patients with metabolic or respiratory alkalosis. Acetate should be administered with great care in those conditions in which there is an increased level or an impaired utilization of this ion such as severe hepatic insufficiency.

Hyperammonemia is of special significance in infants, as it can result in mental retardation. Therefore it is essential that blood ammonia levels be measured frequently in infants.

Instances of asymptomatic hyperammonemia have been reported in patients without overt liver dysfunction. The mechanisms of this reaction are not clearly defined but may involve genetic defects and immature or subclinically impaired liver function.

Frequent Clinical Evaluation and Laboratory Determinations are Necessary for Proper Monitoring During Administration. Blood studies should include glucose, urea nitrogen, serum electrolytes, ammonia, cholesterol, acid-base balance, serum proteins, kidney and liver function tests, osmolarity and hemogram. White blood count and blood cultures are to be determined if indicated. Urinary osmolarity and glucose should be determined frequently.

Safe use during pregnancy has not been established, therefore, infusion of amino acids should be undertaken during pregnancy only when this is deemed essential to the patients' welfare, as judged by the physician.

WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.

Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration

Legal Issues

There is currently no legal information available for this drug.

FDA Safety Alerts

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Manufacturer Warnings

There is currently no manufacturer warning information available for this drug.

FDA Labeling Changes

There are currently no FDA labeling changes available for this drug.

Uses

L-Cysteine Hydrochloride Injection, USP is intended for use only after dilution as an additive to Crystalline Amino Acid Injections to meet the intravenous amino acid nutritional requirements of infants receiving total parenteral nutrition.

History

There is currently no drug history available for this drug.

Other Information

L-Cysteine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution. Each mL contains: 50 mg of L-Cysteine Hydrochloride Monohydrate USP; Water for Injection, USP q.s.; Air replaced with Nitrogen. pH 1.0-2.5

L-Cysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid. In premixed solutions of crystalline amino acids, cysteine is relatively unstable over time, eventually converting to insoluble cystine. To avoid such precipitation, L-Cysteine Hydrochloride Injection USP is intended to be used as an additive with crystalline Amino Acid Injections immediately prior to administration to the patient.

The structural formula of Cysteine Hydrochloride Monohydrate USP is:

Chemical Structure
Molecular Weight
175.63
Molecular Formula
C3H7NO2S•HCl•H2O

L-cysteine Hydrochloride Manufacturers


  • Sandoz Inc
    L-cysteine Hydrochloride Injection, Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • Sandoz Inc
    L-cysteine Hydrochloride Injection, Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • American Regent, Inc.
    L-cysteine Hydrochloride Injection, Solution [American Regent, Inc.]

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