Oxacillin

Oxacillin

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Questions & Answers

Side Effects & Adverse Reactions

Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic shock with collapse) reactions have occurred in patients receiving penicillin. The incidence of anaphylactic shock in all penicillin-treated patients is between 0.015 and 0.04 percent. Anaphylactic shock resulting in death has occurred in approximately 0.002 percent of the patients treated. Although anaphylaxis is more frequent following parenteral administration, it has occurred in patients receiving oral penicillins.

When penicillin therapy is indicated, it should be initiated only after a comprehensive patient drug and allergy history has been obtained. If an allergic reaction occurs, the drug should be discontinued and the patient should receive supportive treatment, e.g., artificial maintenance of ventilation, pressor amines, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. Individuals with a history of penicillin hypersensitivity may also experience allergic reactions when treated with a cephalosporin.

Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including oxacillin for Injection, USP, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile.

C. difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

Legal Issues

There is currently no legal information available for this drug.

FDA Safety Alerts

There are currently no FDA safety alerts available for this drug.

Manufacturer Warnings

There is currently no manufacturer warning information available for this drug.

FDA Labeling Changes

There are currently no FDA labeling changes available for this drug.

Uses

Oxacillin is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by penicillinase producing staphylococci which have demonstrated susceptibility to the drug. Cultures and susceptibility tests should be performed initially to determine the causative organism and its susceptibility to the drug (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY – Susceptibility Test Methods).

Oxacillin may be used to initiate therapy in suspected cases of resistant staphylococcal infections prior to the availability of susceptibility test results. Oxacillin should not be used in infections caused by organisms susceptible to penicillin G. If the susceptibility tests indicate that the infection is due to an organism other than a resistant Staphylococcus, therapy should not be continued with oxacillin.

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Oxacillin for Injection, USP and other antibacterial drugs, Oxacillin for Injection, USP should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

History

There is currently no drug history available for this drug.

Other Information

Oxacillin for Injection, USP is a semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic derived from the penicillin nucleus, 6-amino-penicillanic acid. It is resistant to inactivation by the enzyme penicillinase (beta-lactamase). It is the sodium salt in parenteral dosage form for intramuscular or intravenous use. Each vial of Oxacillin for Injection, USP contains oxacillin sodium monohydrate equivalent to 1 gram or 2 grams of oxacillin. The sodium content is 57.4 mg (2.5 mEq) per gram oxacillin. The product is buffered with 20 mg dibasic sodium phosphate per gram oxacillin.

Oxacillin for injection, USP is white to off white powder and gives a clear solution upon reconstitution.

OXACILLIN SODIUM

structure

C19H18N3NaO5S • H2O                MW=441.43

The chemical name is 4-Thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 3, 3-dimethyl-6-[[(5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl) carbonyl] amino]-7-oxo-,monosodium salt, monohydrate, [2S (2α,5α,  6β)].

Oxacillin Manufacturers


  • Teva Parenteral Medicines, Inc.
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Teva Parenteral Medicines, Inc.]
  • Auromedics Pharma Llc
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Injection, Powder, For Solution [Auromedics Pharma Llc]
  • Sandoz Inc
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • Sandoz Inc
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • Sandoz Inc
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • Sandoz Inc
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • Sandoz Inc
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • Sandoz Inc
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sandoz Inc]
  • Sagent Pharmaceuticals
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sagent Pharmaceuticals]
  • Sagent Pharmaceuticals
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sagent Pharmaceuticals]
  • Auromedics Pharma Llc
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Powder, For Solution [Auromedics Pharma Llc]
  • Auromedics Pharma Llc
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Injection, Powder, For Solution Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Injection, Powder, For Solution [Auromedics Pharma Llc]
  • Auromedics Pharma Llc
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Powder, For Solution [Auromedics Pharma Llc]
  • Sagent Pharmaceuticals
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sagent Pharmaceuticals]
  • Sagent Pharmaceuticals
    Oxacillin (Oxacillin Sodium) Injection, Powder, For Solution [Sagent Pharmaceuticals]
  • Baxter Healthcare Corporation
    Oxacillin Injection, Solution [Baxter Healthcare Corporation]
  • Agila Specialties Private Limited
    Oxacillin Injection, Powder, For Solution [Agila Specialties Private Limited]

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