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Questions & Answers
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions
Because Profilnine is made from human blood, it may carry a risk of transmitting infectious agents, e.g., viruses, the variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) agent and, theoretically, the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) agent.
Patients can develop neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) after treatment with Profilnine. Monitor patients for inhibitors, which should be quantified in Bethesda Units (BU) using appropriate laboratory testing.
Hypersensitivity, including anaphylaxis, has been reported. Inform patients of the early symptoms and signs of hypersensitivity reaction, including hives, generalized urticaria, angioedema, chest tightness, dyspnea, wheezing, faintness, hypotension, tachycardia, and anaphylaxis.
The use of factor IX complex concentrates has been associated with the development of thromboembolic complications. Patients at increased risk for thrombosis include those undergoing surgery, post surgery, with known liver disease, and with signs of fibrinolysis, thrombosis, or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)5. When administering Profilnine to these high-risk patients, monitor for early signs of consumptive coagulopathy with appropriate laboratory testing. Only administer Profilnine to patients when the benefits outweigh the risks.
Legal Issues
There is currently no legal information available for this drug.
FDA Safety Alerts
There are currently no FDA safety alerts available for this drug.
Manufacturer Warnings
There is currently no manufacturer warning information available for this drug.
FDA Labeling Changes
There are currently no FDA labeling changes available for this drug.
Uses
Profilnine, Factor IX Complex, is indicated for the prevention and control of bleeding in patients with factor IX deficiency (hemophilia B).
Profilnine contains non-therapeutic levels of factor VII and is not indicated for use in the treatment of factor VII deficiency.
History
There is currently no drug history available for this drug.
Other Information
Profilnine®, Factor IX Complex, is a solvent/detergent treated, nanofiltered, sterile, lyophilized concentrate of coagulation factors IX, II, X, and low levels of factor VII. The factor II content is not more than (NMT) 150 units* per 100 factor IX units, the factor X content is NMT 100 units per 100 factor IX units, and the factor VII content is NMT 35 units per 100 factor IX units. Profilnine does not contain heparin and contains no preservatives. Profilnine contains few, if any, activated factors based on results from the non-activated partial thromboplastin time (NAPTT) test1,2.
Profilnine is intended for intravenous administration only. Each vial is a single-dose container and is labeled with the factor IX potency expressed in International Units.
Profilnine is prepared from pooled human plasma and purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose adsorption. The risk of transmission of infective agents by Profilnine has been substantially reduced by donor selection procedures and virus screening of individual donations and plasma pools by serological and nucleic acid testing. In addition, virus elimination steps such as nanofiltration3 and solvent/detergent (tri-n-butyl phosphate) treatment4 have been incorporated into the Profilnine manufacturing process. Additional removal of some viruses occurs during the DEAE cellulose product purification step.
The ability of the manufacturing process to eliminate virus from Profilnine was evaluated in the laboratory by intentionally adding virus to product just prior to the elimination step and monitoring virus removal. Table 1 shows the amounts of virus that can be removed by solvent/detergent treatment, nanofiltration, and purification by DEAE chromatography when vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), human immunodeficiency virus-1 and 2 (HIV-1, HIV-2), parvovirus, West Nile virus (WNV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and pseudorabies virus (PRV) were evaluated in these virus spiking studies. The results indicate that the solvent/detergent treatment step inactivates enveloped viruses and the nanofiltration step removes both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
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* Unit refers to International Unit in the labeling of Profilnine.
* Porcine, NT=Not tested, Env=Enveloped |
|||||
Virus |
Virus Type |
Model For: |
Virus Reduction (log10) | ||
Process Step | |||||
1st DEAE Chromatography | Solvent-Detergent | Nanofiltration | |||
Sindbis | Env | Hepatitis C | 1.4 | ≥ 5.3 | NT |
VSV | Env | Robust enveloped viruses | NT | ≥ 4.9 | NT |
HIV-1 | Env | HIV-1 | NT | ≥ 12.2 | ≥ 6.2 |
HIV-2 | Env | HIV-2 | NT | ≥ 6.0 | NT |
WNV | Env | WNV | NT | NT | ≥ 6.6 |
BVDV | Env | Hepatitis C | NT | NT | ≥ 4.9 |
Parvo* | Non-Env | Parvovirus B19 | NT | NT | ≥ 6.1 |
HAV | Non-Env | HAV | NT | NT | ≥ 5.8 |
PRV | Env | Hepatitis B | NT | NT | ≥ 5.3 |
Sources
Profilnine Manufacturers
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Grifols Usa, Llc
Profilnine | Grifols Usa, Llc
DoseEach vial of Profilnine is labeled with total units expressed as International Units (IU). According to the WHO International Standard, one unit approximates the activity in one mL of normal plasma.
A 1% increase in factor IX (0.01 units) per unit administered per kg body weight can be expected1. The amount of Profilnine required to establish hemostasis will vary with each patient and circumstance. Use the following formula and example as guides in determining the number of units to be administered:
Body weight (in kg) X Desired increase in Plasma Factor IX (Percent) X 1 Units/kg = Number of Factor IX Units Required Example: 50 kg X 25 (% increase) X 1 Units/kg = 1,250 Units of factor IXDue to variability among patients and their clinical condition, monitor the factor IX level of each patient frequently during replacement therapy.
Table 2 below provides treatment guidelines for hemorrhagic events and surgery in patients with factor IX deficiency.
Table 2: Treatment Guidelines Type of Bleeding or Surgical Procedure Factor IX Level Required, % of Normal (Dose) Frequency of Doses Duration of Therapy (Days) Minor to Moderate Hemorrhages 20-30% (20-30 IU FIX/kg) until hemorrhage stops and healing has been achieved.
Every 16-24 hrs Minor: 1-2 days
Moderate: 2-7 days Major Hemorrhages 30-50% (30-50 IU FIX/kg).
Following this treatment period, maintain FIX levels at 20% (20 IU FIX/kg) until healing has been achieved. Every 16-24 hrs 3-10 days Surgery Prior to surgery,
30-50% (30-50 IU FIX/kg).
For dental extractions, bring FIX levels to 50% immediately prior to the procedure.
Maintain FIX levels at 30-50% (30-50 IU FIX/kg) until healing has been achieved. Every 16-24 hrs 7-10 daysDosing requirements and frequency of dosing are calculated on the basis of an initial response of 1% FIX increase achieved per IU of FIX infused per kg body weight and an average half-life for FIX of 24 hours. If dosing studies reveal that a particular patient exhibits a lower response, monitor blood levels and adjust the dose accordingly.
ReconstitutionUse Aseptic Technique
Ensure that concentrate (Profilnine) and diluent (Sterile Water for Injection, USP) are at room temperature (but not above 37° C) before reconstitution. Remove the plastic flip off cap from the diluent vial. Gently swab the exposed stopper surface with a cleansing agent such as alcohol. Avoid leaving any excess cleansing agent on the stopper. Open the Mix2Vial® package by peeling away the lid (Figure 1). Leave the Mix2Vial in the clear outer packaging. Place the diluent vial upright on an even surface, hold the vial tightly, and pick up the Mix2Vial in its clear outer packaging. While holding the diluent vial securely, push the blue end of the Mix2Vial vertically down through the diluent vial stopper (Figure 2). While holding onto the diluent vial, carefully remove the clear outer packaging from the Mix2Vial set, ensuring the Mix2Vial remains attached to the diluent vial (Figure 3). Place the product vial upright on an even surface, invert the diluent vial with the Mix2Vial attached. While holding the product vial securely on a flat surface, push the clear end of the Mix2Vial set vertically down through the product vial stopper (Figure 4). The diluent will automatically transfer out of its vial into the product vial.
NOTE: If the Mix2Vial is connected at an angle, the vacuum may be released from the product vial and the diluent will not transfer into the product vial. With the diluent and product vials still attached to the Mix2Vial, gently swirl the product vial to ensure the product is fully dissolved (Figure 5). Reconstitution requires less than 10 minutes. Do not shake the vial. Disconnect the Mix2Vial into two separate pieces (Figure 6) by holding each vial adapter and twisting counterclockwise. After separating, discard the diluent vial with the blue end of the Mix2Vial. Draw air into an empty, sterile syringe. Keeping the product vial upright with the clear end of the Mix2Vial attached, screw the disposable syringe onto the luer lock portion of the Mix2Vial device by pressing and twisting clockwise. Inject air into the product vial. While keeping the syringe plunger depressed, invert the system upside down and draw the reconstituted product into the syringe by pulling the plunger back slowly (Figure 7). When the reconstituted product has been transferred into the syringe, firmly hold the barrel of the syringe and the clear vial adapter (keeping the syringe plunger facing down) and unscrew the syringe from the Mix2Vial (Figure 8). Hold the syringe upright and push the plunger until no air is left in the syringe. Attach the syringe to a venipuncture set.
NOTE: If the same patient is to receive more than one vial of concentrate, the contents of two vials may be drawn into the same syringe through a separate unused Mix2Vial set before attaching to the venipuncture set. After reconstitution, inspect parenteral drug products visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. When reconstitution procedure is strictly followed, a few small particles may occasionally remain. The Mix2Vial set will remove particles and the labeled potency will not be reduced. Do not refrigerate after reconstitution. The reconstituted product is stable for 3 hours at room temperature; use as soon as possible within 3 hours after reconstitution.
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