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Uses
Pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Other Information
Pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets contain pramipexole, a nonergot dopamine agonist. The chemical name of pramipexole dihydrochloride is (S)-2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-6-(propylamino)benzothiazole dihydrochloride monohydrate. Its molecular formula is C10 H17 N3 S 2HCl H2O, and its molecular weight is 302.26. The structural formula is:
Pramipexole dihydrochloride (monohydrate), USP is a white to almost white crystalline powder and it is freely soluble in water, soluble in methanol, slightly soluble in alcohol and practically insoluble in methylene chloride. Melting occurs in the range of 296o to 301oC, with decomposition.
Each pramipexole dihydrochloride tablet intended for oral administration contains 0.125 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 1.5 mg of pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, mannitol, magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch and povidone. Additionally each 0.125 mg tablet contains D&C red no. 27 aluminum lake, each 0.25 mg tablet contains FD&C blue no. 1 aluminum lake, each 0.5 mg tablet contains FD&C blue no. 1 aluminum lake and D&C red no. 27 aluminum lake, each 1 mg tablet contains ferric oxide red and each 1.5 mg tablet contains ferric oxide yellow.
Sources
Zep Alcohol Sanitizer Manufacturers
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Zep Inc.
Zep Alcohol Sanitizer | Zydus Pharmaceuticals (usa) Inc.
2.1 General Dosing ConsiderationsPramipexole dihydrochloride tablets are taken orally, with or without food.
If a significant interruption in therapy with pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets has occurred, re-titration of therapy may be warranted.
2.2 Dosing for Parkinson’s DiseaseIn all clinical studies, dosage was initiated at a subtherapeutic level to avoid intolerable adverse effects and orthostatic hypotension. Pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets should be titrated gradually in all patients. The dose should be increased to achieve a maximum therapeutic effect, balanced against the principal side effects of dyskinesia, hallucinations, somnolence, and dry mouth.
Dosing in Patients with Normal Renal Function
Initial Treatment
Doses should be increased gradually from a starting dose of 0.375 mg/day given in three divided doses and should not be increased more frequently than every 5 to 7 days. A suggested ascending dosage schedule that was used in clinical studies is shown in Table 1:
Table 1Ascending Dosage Schedule of Pramipexole Dihydrochloride Tablets for Parkinson’s Disease Week
Dosage (mg)
Total Daily Dose (mg)
1
0.125 three times a day
0.375
2
0.25 three times a day
0.75
3
0.5 three times a day
1.50
4
0.75 three times a day
2.25
5
1 three times a day
3
6
1.25 three times a day
3.75
7
1.5 three times a day
4.50
Maintenance Treatment
Pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets were effective and well tolerated over a dosage range of 1.5 to 4.5 mg/day administered in equally divided doses three times per day with or without concomitant levodopa (approximately 800 mg/day).
In a fixed-dose study in early Parkinson's disease patients, doses of 3 mg, 4.5 mg, and 6 mg per day of pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets were not shown to provide any significant benefit beyond that achieved at a daily dose of 1.5 mg/day. However, in the same fixed-dose study, the following adverse events were dose related: postural hypotension, nausea, constipation, somnolence, and amnesia. The frequency of these events was generally 2-fold greater than placebo for pramipexole doses greater than 3 mg/day. The incidence of somnolence reported with pramipexole at a dose of 1.5 mg/day was comparable to placebo.
When pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets are used in combination with levodopa, a reduction of the levodopa dosage should be considered. In a controlled study in advanced Parkinson's disease, the dosage of levodopa was reduced by an average of 27% from baseline.
Dosing in Patients with Renal Impairment
The recommended dosing of pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets in Parkinson's disease patients with renal impairment is provided in Table 2.
Table 2Dosing of Pramipexole Dihydrochloride Tablets in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Renal Impairment Renal Status
Starting Dose (mg)
Maximum Dose (mg)
Normal to mild impairment (creatinine Cl > 50 mL/min)
0.125 three times a day
1.5 three times a day
Moderate impairment (creatinine Cl = 30 to 50 mL/min)
0.125 twice a day
0.75 three times a day
Severe impairment (creatinine Cl = 15 to < 30 mL/min)
0.125 once a day
1.5 once a day
Very severe impairment (creatinine Cl < 15 mL/min and hemodialysis patients)
The use of pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets has not been adequately studied in this group of patients.
Discontinuation of Treatment
Pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets may be tapered off at a rate of 0.75 mg per day until the daily dose has been reduced to 0.75 mg. Thereafter, the dose may be reduced by 0.375 mg per day.
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