Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

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For intravenous use only.

2.1 Recommended Dose

The recommended dose of PRAXBIND is 5 g, provided as two separate vials each containing 2.5 g/50 mL idarucizumab (see Figure 1).

There is limited data to support administration of an additional 5 g of PRAXBIND [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

2.2 Preparation

Ensure aseptic handling when preparing the infusion. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Once solution has been removed from the vial, administration should begin promptly or within 1 hour.

2.3 Administration

Do not mix with other medicinal products. Use aseptic technique when administering PRAXBIND. Intravenously administer the dose of 5 g (2 vials, each contains 2.5 g) as Two consecutive infusions (see Figure 2) or Bolus injection by injecting both vials consecutively one after another via syringe (see Figure 3). A pre-existing intravenous line may be used for administration of PRAXBIND. The line must be flushed with sterile 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP solution prior to infusion. No other infusion should be administered in parallel via the same intravenous access. PRAXBIND treatment can be used in conjunction with standard supportive measures, which should be considered as medically appropriate [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].

2.4 Restarting Antithrombotic Therapy

Patients being treated with dabigatran therapy have underlying disease states that predispose them to thromboembolic events. Reversing dabigatran therapy exposes patients to the thrombotic risk of their underlying disease. To reduce this risk, resumption of anticoagulant therapy should be considered as soon as medically appropriate.

Idarucizumab is a specific reversal agent for dabigatran, with no impact on the effect of other anticoagulant or antithrombotic therapies.

Pradaxa treatment can be initiated 24 hours after administration of PRAXBIND [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].

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2.1 Recommended Dosage

Individualize the starting dose of SYNJARDY based on the patient’s current regimen: – In patients on metformin, switch to SYNJARDY containing empagliflozin 5 mg with a similar total daily dose of metformin; – In patients on empagliflozin, switch to SYNJARDY containing metformin 500 mg with a similar total daily dose of empagliflozin; – In patients already treated with empagliflozin and metformin, switch to SYNJARDY containing the same total daily doses of each component. Take SYNJARDY twice daily with meals; with gradual dose escalation to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects due to metformin [see Dosage Forms and Strengths (3)]. In patients with volume depletion not previously treated with empagliflozin, correct this condition before initiating SYNJARDY [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Patient Counseling Information (17)]. Adjust dosing based on effectiveness and tolerability while not exceeding the maximum recommended daily dose of metformin 2000 mg and empagliflozin 25 mg [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].

2.2 Recommended Dosage in Patients with Renal Impairment

Assess renal function prior to initiation of SYNJARDY and periodically, thereafter. Do not initiate or continue SYNJARDY in patients with serum creatinine levels greater than or equal to 1.5 mg/dL for males or 1.4 mg/dL for females. In patients eligible for SYNJARDY based on creatinine cutoff criteria do not initiate or continue SYNJARDY if eGFR is persistently less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m2. In patients eligible for SYNJARDY based on creatinine cutoff criteria, no dose adjustment is needed if eGFR is greater than or equal to 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].

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2.1 Recommended Dosage

The recommended dose of JARDIANCE is 10 mg once daily in the morning, taken with or without food. In patients tolerating JARDIANCE, the dose may be increased to 25 mg [see Clinical Studies (14)].

In patients with volume depletion, correcting this condition prior to initiation of JARDIANCE is recommended [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Use in Specific Populations (8.5), and Patient Counseling Information (17)].

2.2 Patients with Renal Impairment

Assessment of renal function is recommended prior to initiation of JARDIANCE and periodically thereafter.

JARDIANCE should not be initiated in patients with an eGFR less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.

No dose adjustment is needed in patients with an eGFR greater than or equal to 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.

JARDIANCE should be discontinued if eGFR is persistently less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2), and Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].

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2.1 Recommended Dosage

The recommended dose of STIOLTO RESPIMAT is two inhalations once-daily at the same time of the day. Do not use STIOLTO RESPIMAT more than two inhalations every 24 hours.

2.2 Administration Information

For oral inhalation only.

Prior to first use, the STIOLTO RESPIMAT cartridge is inserted into the STIOLTO RESPIMAT inhaler and the unit is primed. When using the unit for the first time, patients are to actuate the inhaler toward the ground until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times. The unit is then considered primed and ready for use. If not used for more than 3 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler once to prepare the inhaler for use. If not used for more than 21 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times to prepare the inhaler for use [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].

No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric, hepatically-impaired, or renally-impaired patients. However, patients with moderate to severe renal impairment given STIOLTO RESPIMAT should be monitored closely for anticholinergic effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9), Use in Specific Populations (8.5, 8.6, 8.7), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

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Directions

adults and children 12 years of age and over 1 suppository in a single daily dose. See consumer leaflet for proper, safe use of the applicator. children 6 to under 12 years of age Ask a doctor. Applicator not for use in children under 12 years of age. children under 6 years of age

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2.1 Recommended Dosage

The recommended dose of GLYXAMBI is 10 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin once daily in the morning, taken with or without food. In patients tolerating GLYXAMBI, the dose may be increased to 25 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin once daily.

In patients with volume depletion, correcting this condition prior to initiation of GLYXAMBI is recommended [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2), Use in Specific Populations (8.5), and Patient Counseling Information (17)].

No studies have been performed specifically examining the safety and efficacy of GLYXAMBI in patients previously treated with other oral antihyperglycemic agents and switched to GLYXAMBI. Any change in therapy of type 2 diabetes should be undertaken with care and appropriate monitoring as changes in glycemic control can occur.

2.2 Patients with Renal Impairment

Assessment of renal function is recommended prior to initiation of GLYXAMBI and periodically thereafter.

GLYXAMBI should not be initiated in patients with an eGFR less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.

No dose adjustment is needed in patients with an eGFR greater than or equal to 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.

GLYXAMBI should be discontinued if eGFR is persistently less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.3), and Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].

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For GlucaGen HypoKit:

2.1 Treatment of severe hypoglycemia

1. Using the supplied prefilled syringe, carefully insert the needle through the rubber stopper of the vial containing GlucaGen powder and inject all the liquid from the syringe into the vial. 2. Shake the vial gently until the powder is completely dissolved and no particles remain in the fluid. The reconstituted fluid should be clear and of water-like consistency. 3. The reconstituted GlucaGen gives a concentration of approximately 1 mg/mL glucagon. 4. The reconstituted GlucaGen should be used immediately after reconstitution. 5. Inject 1 mL (adults and children, weighing more than 55 lbs (25 kg)) or 0.5 mL (children weighing less than 55 lbs (25 kg)) subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously. If the weight is not known: children younger than 6 years should be given a 0.5 mL and children 6 years and older should be given 1 mL. 6. Discard any unused portion. 7. Emergency assistance should be sought immediately after subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of glucagon. 8. The glucagon injection may be repeated using a new kit while waiting for emergency assistance. 9. Intravenous glucose MUST be administered if the patient fails to respond to glucagon. 10. When the patient has responded to the treatment, give oral carbohydrates to restore the liver glycogen and prevent recurrence of hypoglycemia.

For GlucaGen Diagnostic Kit and the GlucaGen 10-pack:

2.2 Use as a diagnostic aid

1. GlucaGen should be reconstituted with 1 mL of Sterile Water for Reconstitution (if supplied) or 1 mL of Sterile Water for Injection, USP. Using a syringe, withdraw all of the Sterile Water for Reconstitution (if supplied) or 1 mL Sterile Water for Injection, USP and inject into the GlucaGen vial. 2. Shake the vial gently until the powder is completely dissolved and no particles remain in the fluid. The reconstituted fluid should be clear and of water-like consistency. 3. The reconstituted GlucaGen gives a concentration of approximately 1 mg/mL glucagon. 4. The reconstituted GlucaGen should be used immediately after reconstitution. 5. GlucaGen must be administered by medical personnel. 6. Discard any unused portion. 7. Onset of action after an injection will depend on the organ under examination and route of administration [see Pharmacodynamics (12.2)]. 8. The usual diagnostic dose for relaxation of the stomach, duodenal bulb, duodenum, and small bowel is 0.2 mg to 0.5 mg given intravenously or 1 mg given intramuscularly; the usual dose to relax the colon is 0.5 mg to 0.75 mg intravenously and 1 mg to 2 mg intramuscularly [see Pharmacodynamics (12.2)]. 9. After the end of the diagnostic procedure, give oral carbohydrates to patients who have been fasting, if this is compatible with the diagnostic procedure applied.

The GlucaGen Diagnostic Kit and the GlucaGen 10-pack presentations are intended only for use by healthcare providers as a diagnostic aid. The GlucaGen Diagnostic Kit and the GlucaGen 10-pack presentations are not intended for use by patients to treat severe hypoglycemia because they are not packaged with a syringe and diluent necessary for rapid preparation and administration during an emergency outside of a healthcare facility.

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take with a glass of water

adults and children 12 years of age and over 1 to 3 tablets in a single daily dose children 6 to under 12 years of age 1 tablet in a single daily dose children under 2 years of age ask a doctor

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adults and children 12 years of age and over 1 suppository in a single daily dose. Peel open plastic. Insert suppository well into rectum, pointed end first. Retain about 15 to 20 minutes. children 6 to under 12 years of age 1/2 suppository in a single daily dose children under 2 years of age ask a doctor

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The recommended dose of ATROVENT Nasal Spray 0.03% is two sprays (42 mcg) per nostril two or three times daily (total dose 168 to 252 mcg/day) for the symptomatic relief of rhinorrhea associated with allergic and nonallergic perennial rhinitis in adults and children age 6 years and older. Optimum dosage varies with the response of the individual patient.

Initial pump priming requires seven sprays of the pump. If used regularly as recommended, no further priming is required. If not used for more than 24 hours, the pump will require two sprays, or if not used for more than seven days, the pump will require seven sprays to reprime. Avoid spraying into eyes.

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For Symptomatic Relief of Rhinorrhea Associated with the Common Cold

The recommended dose of ATROVENT Nasal Spray 0.06% is two sprays (84 mcg) per nostril three or four times daily (total dose 504 to 672 mcg/day) in adults and children age 12 years and older. Optimum dosage varies with response of the individual patient. The recommended dose of ATROVENT Nasal Spray 0.06% for children age 5-11 years is two sprays (84 mcg) per nostril three times daily (total dose of 504 mcg/day).

The safety and effectiveness of the use of ATROVENT Nasal Spray 0.06% beyond four days in patients with the common cold have not been established.

For Symptomatic Relief of Rhinorrhea Associated with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

The recommended dose of ATROVENT Nasal Spray 0.06% is two sprays (84 mcg) per nostril four times daily (total dose 672 mcg/day) in adults and children age 5 years and older.

The safety and effectiveness of the use of ATROVENT Nasal Spray 0.06% beyond three weeks in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis have not been established.

Initial pump priming requires seven sprays of the pump. If used regularly as recommended, no further priming is required. If not used for more than 24 hours, the pump will require two sprays, or if not used for more than seven days, the pump will require seven sprays to reprime. Avoid spraying into eyes.

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Adjunctive Use in Prophylaxis of Thromboembolism after Cardiac Valve Replacement. The recommended dose is 75-100 mg four times daily as an adjunct to the usual warfarin therapy. Please note that aspirin is not to be administered concomitantly with coumarin anticoagulants.

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2.1  General Instructions

Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of MOBIC and other treatment options before deciding to use MOBIC. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].

After observing the response to initial therapy with MOBIC, adjust the dose to suit an individual patient's needs.

In adults, the maximum recommended daily oral dose of MOBIC is 15 mg regardless of formulation. In patients with hemodialysis, a maximum daily dosage of 7.5 mg is recommended [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6), Use in Specific Populations (8.7), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

MOBIC oral suspension 7.5 mg/5 mL or 15 mg/10 mL may be substituted for MOBIC tablets 7.5 mg or 15 mg, respectively.

Shake the oral suspension gently before using.

MOBIC may be taken without regard to timing of meals.

2.2  Osteoarthritis

For the relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis the recommended starting and maintenance oral dose of MOBIC is 7.5 mg once daily. Some patients may receive additional benefit by increasing the dose to 15 mg once daily.

2.3  Rheumatoid Arthritis

For the relief of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, the recommended starting and maintenance oral dose of MOBIC is 7.5 mg once daily. Some patients may receive additional benefit by increasing the dose to 15 mg once daily.

2.4  Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) Pauciarticular and Polyarticular Course

To improve dosing accuracy in smaller weight children, the use of the MOBIC oral suspension is recommended. MOBIC oral suspension is available in the strength of 7.5 mg/5 mL. For the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the recommended oral dose of MOBIC is 0.125 mg/kg once daily up to a maximum of 7.5 mg. There was no additional benefit demonstrated by increasing the dose above 0.125 mg/kg once daily in these clinical trials.

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis dosing using the oral suspension should be individualized based on the weight of the child:

  0.125 mg/kg Weight Dose(1.5 mg/mL) Delivered dose 12 kg (26 lb) 1.0 mL 1.5 mg 24 kg (54 lb) 2.0 mL 3.0 mg 36 kg (80 lb) 3.0 mL 4.5 mg 48 kg (106 lb) 4.0 mL 6.0 mg ≥60 kg (132 lb) 5.0 mL 7.5 mg

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Adults

The dose of Catapres® (clonidine hydrochloride, USP) tablets must be adjusted according to the patient's individual blood pressure response. The following is a general guide to its administration.

Initial Dose

0.1 mg tablet twice daily (morning and bedtime). Elderly patients may benefit from a lower initial dose.

Maintenance Dose

Further increments of 0.1 mg per day may be made at weekly intervals if necessary until the desired response is achieved. Taking the larger portion of the oral daily dose at bedtime may minimize transient adjustment effects of dry mouth and drowsiness. The therapeutic doses most commonly employed have ranged from 0.2 mg to 0.6 mg per day given in divided doses. Studies have indicated that 2.4 mg is the maximum effective daily dose, but doses as high as this have rarely been employed.

Renal Impairment

Patients with renal impairment may benefit from a lower initial dose. Patients should be carefully monitored. Since only a minimal amount of clonidine is removed during routine hemodialysis, there is no need to give supplemental clonidine following dialysis.

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Apply CATAPRES-TTS® (clonidine) transdermal therapeutic system once every 7 days to a hairless area of intact skin on the upper outer arm or chest. Each new application of CATAPRES-TTS transdermal therapeutic system should be on a different skin site from the previous location. If the system loosens during 7-day wearing, the adhesive cover should be applied directly over the system to ensure good adhesion. There have been rare reports of the need for patch changes prior to 7 days to maintain blood pressure control.

To initiate therapy, CATAPRES-TTS transdermal therapeutic system dosage should be titrated according to individual therapeutic requirements, starting with CATAPRES-TTS-1. If after one or two weeks the desired reduction in blood pressure is not achieved, increase the dosage by adding another CATAPRES-TTS-1 or changing to a larger system. An increase in dosage above two CATAPRES-TTS-3 is usually not associated with additional efficacy.

When substituting CATAPRES-TTS transdermal therapeutic system for oral clonidine or for other antihypertensive drugs, physicians should be aware that the antihypertensive effect of CATAPRES-TTS transdermal therapeutic system may not commence until 2-3 days after initial application. Therefore, gradual reduction of prior drug dosage is advised. Some or all previous antihypertensive treatment may have to be continued, particularly in patients with more severe forms of hypertension.

Renal Impairment

Patients with renal impairment may benefit from a lower initial dose. Patients should be carefully monitored. Since only a minimal amount of clonidine is removed during routine hemodialysis, there is no need to give supplemental clonidine following dialysis.

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adults and children 12 years and over: to relieve symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water to prevent symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water 30 to 60 minutes before eating food or drinking beverages that cause heartburn can be used up to twice daily (do not take more than 2 tablets in 24 hours) do not chew tablet children under 12 years: ask a doctor

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The recommended dose of COMBIVENT RESPIMAT is one inhalation four times a day. Patients may take additional inhalations as required; however, the total number of inhalations should not exceed six in 24 hours.

Prior to first use, the COMBIVENT RESPIMAT cartridge is inserted into the COMBIVENT RESPIMAT inhaler and the unit is primed. When using the unit for the first time, patients are to actuate the inhaler toward the ground until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times. The unit is then considered primed and ready for use. If not used for more than 3 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler once to prepare the inhaler for use. If not used for more than 21 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times to prepare the inhaler for use [see Patient Counseling Information (17.4)].

Safety and efficacy of additional doses of COMBIVENT RESPIMAT beyond six inhalations/24 hours have not been studied. Also, safety and efficacy of extra doses of ipratropium or albuterol in addition to the recommended doses of COMBIVENT RESPIMAT have not been studied.

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The usual starting dose of ATROVENT HFA is two inhalations four times a day. Patients may take additional inhalations as required; however, the total number of inhalations should not exceed 12 in 24 hours.

ATROVENT HFA is a solution aerosol that does not require shaking. However, as with any other metered-dose inhaler, some coordination is required between actuating the canister and inhaling the medication.

Patients should "prime" or actuate ATROVENT HFA before using for the first time by releasing 2 test sprays into the air away from the face. In cases where the inhaler has not been used for more than 3 days, prime the inhaler again by releasing 2 test sprays into the air away from the face. Patients should avoid spraying ATROVENT HFA into their eyes.

Each inhaler provides sufficient medication for 200 actuations. The inhaler should be discarded after the labeled number of actuations has been used. The amount of medication in each actuation cannot be assured after this point, even though the canister is not completely empty.

Patients should be instructed on the proper use of their inhaler [see Patient Counseling Information (17.7)].

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The dose of COMBIVENT® Inhalation Aerosol is two inhalations four times a day. Patients may take additional inhalations as required; however, the total number of inhalations should not exceed 12 in 24 hours. Safety and efficacy of additional doses of COMBIVENT Inhalation Aerosol beyond 12 puffs/24 hours have not been studied. Also, safety and efficacy of extra doses of ipratropium or albuterol in addition to the recommended doses of Combivent® (ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate) Inhalation Aerosol have not been studied. It is recommended to “test-spray” three times before using for the first time and in cases where the aerosol has not been used for more than 24 hours. Avoid spraying into eyes.

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The usual starting dose of telmisartan is 40 mg once a day; blood pressure response is dose related over the range of 20-80 mg. Patients with depletion of intravascular volume should have the condition corrected or telmisartan tablets should be initiated under close medical supervision (see WARNINGS, Hypotension in Volume-Depleted Patients). Patients with biliary obstructive disorders or hepatic insufficiency should have treatment started under close medical supervision (see PRECAUTIONS).

Hydrochlorothiazide is effective in doses of 12.5 mg to 50 mg once daily.

To minimize dose-independent side effects, it is usually appropriate to begin combination therapy only after a patient has failed to achieve the desired effect with monotherapy. The side effects (see WARNINGS) of telmisartan are generally rare and apparently independent of dose; those of hydrochlorothiazide are a mixture of dose-dependent phenomena (primarily hypokalemia) and dose-independent phenomena (e.g., pancreatitis), the former much more common than the latter. Therapy with any combination of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide will be associated with both sets of dose-independent side effects.

Micardis® HCT (telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide) tablets may be administered with other antihypertensive agents.

MICARDIS HCT tablets may be administered with or without food.

Replacement Therapy

The combination may be substituted for the titrated components.

Dose Titration by Clinical Effect

MICARDIS HCT tablets are available as tablets containing either telmisartan 40 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg, or telmisartan 80 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg or 25 mg. A patient whose blood pressure is not adequately controlled with telmisartan monotherapy 80 mg (see above) may be switched to MICARDIS HCT tablets, telmisartan 80 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg once daily, and finally titrated up to 160/25 mg, if necessary.

A patient whose blood pressure is inadequately controlled by 25 mg once daily of hydrochlorothiazide may be switched to MICARDIS HCT (telmisartan 80 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg or telmisartan 80 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg) tablets once daily. The clinical response to MICARDIS HCT tablets should be subsequently evaluated and if blood pressure remains uncontrolled after 2-4 weeks of therapy, the dose may be titrated up to 160/25 mg, if necessary. Those patients controlled by 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide but who experience hypokalemia with this regimen, may be switched to MICARDIS HCT (telmisartan 80 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg) tablets once daily, reducing the dose of hydrochlorothiazide without reducing the overall expected antihypertensive response.

Patients with Renal Impairment

The usual regimens of therapy with Micardis® HCT (telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide) tablets may be followed as long as the patient’s creatinine clearance is >30 mL/min. In patients with more severe renal impairment, loop diuretics are preferred to thiazides, so MICARDIS HCT tablets are not recommended.

Patients with Hepatic Impairment

MICARDIS HCT tablets are not recommended for patients with severe hepatic impairment. Patients with biliary obstructive disorders or hepatic insufficiency should have treatment started under close medical supervision using the 40/12.5 mg combination (see PRECAUTIONS).

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2.1  General Considerations

Telmisartan is an effective treatment of hypertension in once daily doses of 20 to 80 mg while amlodipine is effective in doses of 2.5 to 10 mg.

Dosage must be individualized and may be increased after at least 2 weeks. Most of the antihypertensive effect is apparent within 2 weeks and maximal reduction is generally attained after 4 weeks. The maximum recommended dose of TWYNSTA tablets is 80/10 mg once daily.

The adverse reactions of telmisartan are uncommon and independent of dose; those of amlodipine are a mixture of dose-dependent phenomena (primarily peripheral edema) and dose-independent phenomena, the former much more common than the latter [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

TWYNSTA may be taken with or without food.

2.2  Replacement Therapy

Patients receiving amlodipine and telmisartan from separate tablets may instead receive TWYNSTA tablets containing the same component doses once daily. When substituting for individual components, increase the dose of TWYNSTA if blood pressure control has not been satisfactory.

2.3  Add-on Therapy for Patients with Hypertension Not Adequately Controlled on Antihypertensive Monotherapy

TWYNSTA tablets may be used to provide additional blood pressure lowering for patients not adequately controlled with amlodipine (or another dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker) alone or with telmisartan (or another angiotensin receptor blocker) alone.

Patients treated with 10 mg amlodipine who experience any dose-limiting adverse reactions such as edema, may be switched to TWYNSTA 40/5 mg tablets once daily, reducing the dose of amlodipine without reducing the overall expected antihypertensive response [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

2.4  Initial Therapy

A patient may be initiated on TWYNSTA tablets if it is unlikely that control of blood pressure would be achieved with a single agent. The usual starting dose of TWYNSTA is 40/5 mg once daily. Patients requiring larger blood pressure reductions may be started on TWYNSTA 80/5 mg once daily.

Initial therapy with TWYNSTA is not recommended in patients ≥75 years old or with hepatic impairment [see Dosage and Administration (2.5), Warnings and Precautions (5.4), and Use in Specific Populations (8.5, 8.6)].

Correct imbalances of intravascular volume- or salt-depletion, before initiating therapy with TWYNSTA tablets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

2.5  Dosing in Specific Populations

Renal Impairment No initial dosage adjustment is required for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment. Titrate slowly in patients with severe renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment In most patients, initiate amlodipine therapy at 2.5 mg. Titrate slowly in patients with hepatic impairment.

Patients 75 Years of Age and Older In most patients, initiate amlodipine therapy at 2.5 mg. Titrate slowly in patients 75 years of age and older.

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DO NOT SWALLOW SPIRIVA CAPSULESFOR USE WITH HANDIHALER DEVICE ONLY

FOR ORAL INHALATION ONLY

SPIRIVA capsules must not be swallowed as the intended effects on the lungs will not be obtained. The contents of the SPIRIVA capsules are only for oral inhalation and should only be used with the HandiHaler device [see Overdosage (10)].

The recommended dose of SPIRIVA HandiHaler is two inhalations of the powder contents of one SPIRIVA capsule, once-daily, with the HandiHaler device [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].

For administration of SPIRIVA HandiHaler, a SPIRIVA capsule is placed into the center chamber of the HandiHaler device. The SPIRIVA capsule is pierced by pressing and releasing the green piercing button on the side of the HandiHaler device. The tiotropium formulation is dispersed into the air stream when the patient inhales through the mouthpiece [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].

No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric, hepatically-impaired, or renally-impaired patients. However, patients with moderate to severe renal impairment given SPIRIVA HandiHaler should be monitored closely for anticholinergic effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6), Use in Specific Populations (8.5, 8.6, 8.7), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

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2.1  Hypertension

Dosage must be individualized.  The usual starting dose of MICARDIS tablets is 40 mg once a day.  Blood pressure response is dose-related over the range of 20 to 80 mg [see Clinical Studies (14.1)].

Most of the antihypertensive effect is apparent within 2 weeks and maximal reduction is generally attained after 4 weeks.  When additional blood pressure reduction beyond that achieved with 80 mg MICARDIS is required, a diuretic may be added.

No initial dosage adjustment is necessary for elderly patients or patients with renal impairment, including those on hemodialysis. Patients on dialysis may develop orthostatic hypotension; their blood pressure should be closely monitored.

MICARDIS tablets may be administered with other antihypertensive agents.

MICARDIS tablets may be administered with or without food.

2.2  Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

The recommended dose of MICARDIS tablets is 80 mg once a day and can be administered with or without food. It is not known whether doses lower than 80 mg of telmisartan are effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

When initiating MICARDIS therapy for cardiovascular risk reduction, monitoring of blood pressure is recommended, and if appropriate, adjustment of medications that lower blood pressure may be necessary.

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AGGRENOX is not interchangeable with the individual components of aspirin and dipyridamole tablets.

The recommended dose of AGGRENOX is one capsule given orally twice daily, one in the morning and one in the evening. Swallow capsules whole without chewing. AGGRENOX can be administered with or without food.

2.1  Alternative Regimen in Case of Intolerable Headaches

In the event of intolerable headaches during initial treatment, switch to one capsule at bedtime and low-dose aspirin in the morning. Because there are no outcome data with this regimen and headaches become less of a problem as treatment continues, patients should return to the usual regimen as soon as possible, usually within one week.

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adults and children 12 years and over: to relieve symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water to prevent symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water 30 to 60 minutes before eating food or drinking beverages that cause heartburn can be used up to twice daily (do not take more than 2 tablets in 24 hours) children under 12 years: ask a doctor

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2.1 Patient Selection

Select patients for the first-line treatment of metastatic NSCLC with GILOTRIF based on the presence of EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations in tumor specimens [see Indications and Usage (1) and Clinical Studies (14)]. Information on FDA-approved tests for the detection of EGFR mutations in NSCLC is available at: http://www.fda.gov/CompanionDiagnostics.

2.2 Recommended Dose

The recommended dose of GILOTRIF is 40 mg orally once daily until disease progression or no longer tolerated by the patient. Take GILOTRIF at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

Do not take a missed dose within 12 hours of the next dose.

2.3 Dose Modification

Withhold GILOTRIF for any drug-related adverse reactions of:

NCI CTCAE* Grade 3 or higher Diarrhea of Grade 2 or higher persisting for 2 or more consecutive days while taking anti-diarrheal medication [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Cutaneous reactions of Grade 2 that are prolonged (lasting more than 7 days) or intolerable [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Renal dysfunction of Grade 2 or higher

*National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, v 3.0

Resume treatment when the adverse reaction fully resolves, returns to baseline, or improves to Grade 1. Reinstitute GILOTRIF at a reduced dose, i.e., 10 mg per day less than the dose at which the adverse reaction occurred.

Permanently discontinue GILOTRIF for:

Life-threatening bullous, blistering, or exfoliative skin lesions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Confirmed interstitial lung disease (ILD) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Severe drug-induced hepatic impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Persistent ulcerative keratitis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] Symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction Severe or intolerable adverse reaction occurring at a dose of 20 mg per day

P-gp Inhibitors For patients who require therapy with a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor, reduce GILOTRIF daily dose by 10 mg if not tolerated. Resume the previous dose after discontinuation of the P-gp inhibitor as tolerated [see Drug Interactions (7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

P-gp Inducers For patients who require chronic therapy with a P-gp inducer, increase GILOTRIF daily dose by 10 mg as tolerated. Resume the previous dose 2 to 3 days after discontinuation of the P-gp inducer [see Drug Interactions (7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

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2.1   Adult Patients

The recommended dose for VIRAMUNE is one 200 mg tablet daily for the first 14 days, followed by one 200 mg tablet twice daily, in combination with other antiretroviral agents. The lead-in period has been observed to decrease the incidence of rash. For concomitantly administered antiretroviral therapy, the manufacturer's recommended dosage and monitoring should be followed.

2.2   Pediatric Patients

The recommended oral dose for pediatric patients 15 days and older is 150 mg/m2 once daily for 14 days followed by 150 mg/m2 twice daily thereafter. The total daily dose should not exceed 400 mg for any patient.

Table 1 Calculation of the Volume of VIRAMUNE Oral Suspension (50 mg per 5 mL) Required for Pediatric Dosing Based on Body Surface and a Dose of 150 mg/m2 BSA range (m2) Volume (mL) 0.06 – 0.12 1.25 0.12 – 0.25 2.5 0.25 – 0.42 5 0.42 – 0.58 7.5 0.58 – 0.75 10 0.75 – 0.92 12.5 0.92 – 1.08 15 1.08 – 1.25 17.5 1.25+ 20

VIRAMUNE suspension should be shaken gently prior to administration. It is important to administer the entire measured dose of suspension by using an oral dosing syringe or dosing cup. An oral dosing syringe is recommended, particularly for volumes of 5 mL or less. If a dosing cup is used, it should be thoroughly rinsed with water and the rinse should also be administered to the patient.

2.3   Monitoring of Patients

Intensive clinical and laboratory monitoring, including liver enzyme tests, is essential at baseline and during the first 18 weeks of treatment with VIRAMUNE. The optimal frequency of monitoring during this period has not been established. Some experts recommend clinical and laboratory monitoring more often than once per month, and in particular, would include monitoring of liver enzyme tests at baseline, prior to dose escalation, and at two weeks post-dose escalation. After the initial 18-week period, frequent clinical and laboratory monitoring should continue throughout VIRAMUNE treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5)]. In some cases, hepatic injury has progressed despite discontinuation of treatment.

2.4   Dosage Adjustment

Patients with Rash

Discontinue VIRAMUNE if a patient experiences severe rash or any rash accompanied by constitutional findings [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Do not increase VIRAMUNE dose if a patient experiences mild to moderate rash without constitutional symptoms during the 14-day lead-in period of 200 mg/day (150 mg/m2/day in pediatric patients) until the rash has resolved [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. The total duration of the once daily lead-in dosing period should not exceed 28 days at which point an alternative regimen should be sought.

Patients with Hepatic Events

If a clinical (symptomatic) hepatic event occurs, permanently discontinue VIRAMUNE. Do not restart VIRAMUNE after recovery [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Patients with Dose Interruption

For patients who interrupt VIRAMUNE dosing for more than 7 days, restart the recommended dosing, using one 200 mg tablet daily (150 mg/m2/day in pediatric patients) for the first 14 days (lead-in) followed by one 200 mg tablet twice daily (150 mg/m2 twice daily for pediatric patients).

Patients with Renal Impairment

Patients with CrCL greater than or equal to 20 mL per min do not require an adjustment in VIRAMUNE dosing. The pharmacokinetics of nevirapine have not been evaluated in patients with CrCL less than 20 mL per min. An additional 200 mg dose of VIRAMUNE following each dialysis treatment is indicated in patients requiring dialysis. Nevirapine metabolites may accumulate in patients receiving dialysis; however, the clinical significance of this accumulation is not known [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

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2.1 General Dosing Considerations

MIRAPEX tablets are taken orally, with or without food.

If a significant interruption in therapy with MIRAPEX tablets has occurred, re-titration of therapy may be warranted.

2.2 Dosing for Parkinson's Disease

In all clinical studies, dosage was initiated at a subtherapeutic level to avoid intolerable adverse effects and orthostatic hypotension. MIRAPEX tablets should be titrated gradually in all patients. The dose should be increased to achieve a maximum therapeutic effect, balanced against the principal side effects of dyskinesia, hallucinations, somnolence, and dry mouth.

Dosing in Patients with Normal Renal Function

Initial Treatment

Doses should be increased gradually from a starting dose of 0.375 mg/day given in three divided doses and should not be increased more frequently than every 5 to 7 days. A suggested ascending dosage schedule that was used in clinical studies is shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Ascending Dosage Schedule of MIRAPEX tablets for Parkinson's Disease Week Dosage (mg) Total Daily Dose (mg) 1 0.125 three times a day 0.375 2 0.25 three times a day 0.75 3 0.5 three times a day 1.50 4 0.75 three times a day 2.25 5 1 three times a day 3.0 6 1.25 three times a day 3.75 7 1.5 three times a day 4.50

Maintenance Treatment MIRAPEX tablets were effective and well tolerated over a dosage range of 1.5 to 4.5 mg/day administered in equally divided doses three times per day with or without concomitant levodopa (approximately 800 mg/day).

In a fixed-dose study in early Parkinson's disease patients, doses of 3 mg, 4.5 mg, and 6 mg per day of MIRAPEX tablets were not shown to provide any significant benefit beyond that achieved at a daily dose of 1.5 mg/day. However, in the same fixed-dose study, the following adverse events were dose related: postural hypotension, nausea, constipation, somnolence, and amnesia. The frequency of these events was generally 2-fold greater than placebo for pramipexole doses greater than 3 mg/day. The incidence of somnolence reported with pramipexole at a dose of 1.5 mg/day was comparable to placebo.

When MIRAPEX tablets are used in combination with levodopa, a reduction of the levodopa dosage should be considered. In a controlled study in advanced Parkinson's disease, the dosage of levodopa was reduced by an average of 27% from baseline.

Dosing in Patients with Renal Impairment

The recommended dosing of MIRAPEX tablets in Parkinson’s disease patients with renal impairment is provided in Table 2.

Table 2 Dosing of MIRAPEX tablets in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Renal Impairment Renal Status Starting Dose (mg) Maximum Dose (mg) Normal to mild impairment(creatinine Cl >50 mL/min) 0.125 three times a day 1.5 three times a day Moderate impairment(creatinine Cl =30 to 50 mL/min) 0.125 twice a day 0.75 three times a day Severe impairment(creatinine Cl =15 to <30 mL/min) 0.125 once a day 1.5 once a day Very severe impairment(creatinine Cl <15 mL/minand hemodialysis patients) The use of MIRAPEX tablets has not been adequately studied in this group of patients.

Discontinuation of Treatment MIRAPEX tablets may be tapered off at a rate of 0.75 mg per day until the daily dose has been reduced to 0.75 mg. Thereafter, the dose may be reduced by 0.375 mg per day.

2.3 Dosing for Restless Legs Syndrome

The recommended starting dose of MIRAPEX tablets is 0.125 mg taken once daily 2-3 hours before bedtime. For patients requiring additional symptomatic relief, the dose may be increased every 4-7 days (Table 3). Although the dose of MIRAPEX tablets was increased to 0.75 mg in some patients during long-term open-label treatment, there is no evidence that the 0.75 mg dose provides additional benefit beyond the 0.5 mg dose.

Table 3 Ascending Dosage Schedule of MIRAPEX tablets for RLS *if needed Titration Step Duration Dose (mg) to be taken once daily, 2-3 hours before bedtime 1 4-7 days 0.125 2* 4-7 days 0.25 3* 4-7 days 0.5

Dosing in Patients with Renal Impairment The duration between titration steps should be increased to 14 days in RLS patients with moderate and severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance 20-60 ml/min) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Discontinuation of Treatment In clinical trials of patients being treated for RLS with doses up to 0.75 mg once daily, MIRAPEX tablets were discontinued without a taper. In a 26 week placebo-controlled clinical trial, patients reported a worsening of RLS symptom severity as compared to their untreated baseline when MIRAPEX treatment was suddenly withdrawn [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)].

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take with a glass of water

adults and children 12 years and over 1 to 3 liquid gels daily. This dose may be taken as a single daily dose or in divided doses. children 2 to under 12 years of age 1 liquid gel daily children under 2 years of age ask a doctor

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2.1   General Dosing Considerations

MIRAPEX ER tablets are taken orally once daily, with or without food.

MIRAPEX ER tablets must be swallowed whole and must not be chewed, crushed, or divided.

If a significant interruption in therapy with MIRAPEX ER tablets has occurred, re-titration of therapy may be warranted.

2.2   Dosing for Parkinson's Disease

The starting dose is 0.375 mg given once per day. Based on efficacy and tolerability, dosages may be increased gradually, not more frequently than every 5 to 7 days, first to 0.75 mg per day and then by 0.75 mg increments up to a maximum recommended dose of 4.5 mg per day.

In clinical trials, dosage was initiated at 0.375 mg/day and gradually titrated based on individual therapeutic response and tolerability. Doses greater than 4.5 mg/day have not been studied in clinical trials. Patients should be assessed for therapeutic response and tolerability at a minimal interval of 5 days or longer after each dose increment [see Clinical Studies (14)].

Due to the flexible dose design used in clinical trials, specific dose-response information could not be determined [see Clinical Studies (14)].

MIRAPEX ER tablets may be tapered off at a rate of 0.75 mg per day until the daily dose has been reduced to 0.75 mg. Thereafter, the dose may be reduced by 0.375 mg per day.

Dosing in Patients with Renal Impairment In patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance between 30 and 50 mL/min), MIRAPEX ER tablets should initially be taken every other day. Caution should be exercised and careful assessment of therapeutic response and tolerability should be made before increasing to daily dosing after one week, and before any additional titration in 0.375 mg increments up to 2.25 mg per day. Dose adjustment should occur no more frequently than at weekly intervals.

MIRAPEX ER tablets have not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min) or patients on hemodialysis, and are not recommended in these patients.

2.3   Switching from Immediate-Release Pramipexole Tablets to MIRAPEX ER

Patients may be switched overnight from immediate-release pramipexole tablets to MIRAPEX ER tablets at the same daily dose. When switching between immediate-release pramipexole tablets and MIRAPEX ER tablets, patients should be monitored to determine if dosage adjustment is necessary.

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2.1  Recommended Dosing

The recommended dose of TRADJENTA is 5 mg once daily.

TRADJENTA tablets can be taken with or without food.

2.2  Concomitant Use with an Insulin Secretagogue (e.g., Sulfonylurea) or with Insulin

When TRADJENTA is used in combination with an insulin secretagogue (e.g., sulfonylurea) or with insulin, a lower dose of the insulin secretagogue or insulin may be required to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

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adults and children 12 years and over: to relieve symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water to prevent symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water 30 to 60 minutes before eating food or drinking beverages that cause heartburn can be used up to twice daily (do not take more than 2 tablets in 24 hours) children under 12 years: ask a doctor

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2.1 Recommended Dosing

The dosage of JENTADUETO should be individualized on the basis of both effectiveness and tolerability, while not exceeding the maximum recommended dose of 2.5 mg linagliptin/1000 mg metformin hydrochloride twice daily. JENTADUETO should be given twice daily with meals. Dose escalation should be gradual to reduce the gastrointestinal (GI) side effects associated with metformin use. For available dosage forms and strengths see [Dosage Forms and Strengths (3)].

Recommended starting dose:

In patients currently not treated with metformin, initiate treatment with 2.5 mg linagliptin/500 mg metformin hydrochloride twice daily In patients already treated with metformin, start with 2.5 mg linagliptin and the current dose of metformin taken at each of the two daily meals (e.g., a patient on metformin 1000 mg twice daily would be started on 2.5 mg linagliptin/1000 mg metformin hydrochloride twice daily with meals). Patients already treated with linagliptin and metformin individual components may be switched to JENTADUETO containing the same doses of each component.

No studies have been performed specifically examining the safety and efficacy of JENTADUETO in patients previously treated with other oral antihyperglycemic agents and switched to JENTADUETO. Any change in therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus should be undertaken with care and appropriate monitoring as changes in glycemic control can occur.

2.2 Concomitant Use with an Insulin Secretagogue (e.g., Sulfonylurea) or with Insulin

When JENTADUETO is used in combination with an insulin secretagogue (e.g., sulfonylurea) or with insulin, a lower dose of the insulin secretagogue or insulin may be required to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].

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adults: chew 1 or 2 tablets as needed after meals and at bedtime do not exceed 4 tablets in 24 hours except under the advice and supervision of a physician

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The recommended dose of STRIVERDI RESPIMAT is two inhalations once-daily at the same time of the day. Do not use STRIVERDI RESPIMAT more than two inhalations every 24 hours.

Prior to first use, the STRIVERDI RESPIMAT cartridge is inserted into the STRIVERDI RESPIMAT inhaler and the unit is primed. When using the unit for the first time, patients are to actuate the inhaler toward the ground until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times. The unit is then considered primed and ready for use. If not used for more than 3 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler once to prepare the inhaler for use. If not used for more than 21 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times to prepare the inhaler for use [see Patient Counseling Information (17.2)].

No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric patients, patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment, or renally-impaired patients. There are no data available for use of STRIVERDI RESPIMAT in severe hepatically impaired patients [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

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FLOMAX capsules 0.4 mg once daily is recommended as the dose for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of BPH. It should be administered approximately one-half hour following the same meal each day. FLOMAX capsules should not be crushed, chewed or opened.

For those patients who fail to respond to the 0.4 mg dose after 2 to 4 weeks of dosing, the dose of FLOMAX capsules can be increased to 0.8 mg once daily. FLOMAX capsules 0.4 mg should not be used in combination with strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., ketoconazole) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

If FLOMAX capsules administration is discontinued or interrupted for several days at either the 0.4 mg or 0.8 mg dose, therapy should be started again with the 0.4 mg once-daily dose.

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2.1  General Dosing Considerations

VIRAMUNE XR tablets must be swallowed whole and must not be chewed, crushed, or divided. Children should be assessed for their ability to swallow tablets before prescribing VIRAMUNE XR tablets. VIRAMUNE XR can be taken with or without food. No recommendations can be made regarding substitution of four VIRAMUNE XR 100 mg tablets for one VIRAMUNE XR 400 mg tablet.

2.2  Adult Patients

Patients not currently taking immediate-release VIRAMUNE

Patients must initiate therapy with one 200 mg tablet of immediate-release VIRAMUNE daily for the first 14 days in combination with other antiretroviral agents (this lead-in period should be used because it has been found to lessen the frequency of rash), followed by one 400 mg tablet of VIRAMUNE XR once daily.

Switching Patients from immediate-release VIRAMUNE to VIRAMUNE XR

Patients already on a regimen of immediate-release VIRAMUNE twice daily in combination with other antiretroviral agents can be switched to VIRAMUNE XR 400 mg once daily in combination with other antiretroviral agents without the 14-day lead-in period of immediate-release VIRAMUNE.

2.3  Pediatric Patients

Pediatric patients may be dosed using VIRAMUNE XR 400 mg or 100 mg tablets. VIRAMUNE XR is dosed based on a patient’s body surface area (BSA) calculated using the Mosteller formula. All pediatric patients must initiate therapy with immediate-release VIRAMUNE (as 150 mg/m2 of VIRAMUNE Oral Suspension or as VIRAMUNE tablets), at a dose not to exceed 200 mg per day, administered once daily for the first 14 days. This lead-in period should be used because it has been demonstrated to reduce the frequency of rash. This lead-in period is not required if the patient is already on a regimen of twice daily immediate-release formulation in combination with other antiretroviral agents.

The recommended oral doses of VIRAMUNE XR for pediatric patients 6 to less than 18 years of age based upon their BSA are described in the table below. The total daily dose should not exceed 400 mg for any patient.

Table 1 Recommended VIRAMUNE XR Dosing for Pediatric Patients 6 to less than 18 years of age by BSA after the Lead-in Period with Immediate-Release VIRAMUNE BSA range (m2) VIRAMUNE XR tablets dose (mg) 0.58 - 0.83 200 mg once daily (2 x 100 mg) 0.84 - 1.16 300 mg once daily (3 x 100 mg) Greater than or equal to 1.17 400 mg once daily (1 x 400 mg)

2.4  Monitoring of Patients

Intensive clinical and laboratory monitoring, including liver enzyme tests, is essential at baseline and during the first 18 weeks of treatment with nevirapine. The optimal frequency of monitoring during this period has not been established. Some experts recommend clinical and laboratory monitoring more often than once per month, and in particular, would include monitoring of liver enzyme tests prior to beginning the 14-day lead-in period with immediate-release VIRAMUNE, prior to initiation of VIRAMUNE XR, and at two weeks after initiation of VIRAMUNE XR therapy. After the initial 18-week period, frequent clinical and laboratory monitoring should continue throughout VIRAMUNE XR treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5)]. In some cases, hepatic injury has progressed despite discontinuation of treatment.

Patients already on a regimen of immediate-release VIRAMUNE twice daily who switch to VIRAMUNE XR once daily should continue with their ongoing clinical and laboratory monitoring.

2.5  Dosage Adjustment

Patients with Rash

Discontinue nevirapine if a patient experiences severe rash or any rash accompanied by constitutional findings [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Do not initiate therapy with VIRAMUNE XR if a patient experiences mild to moderate rash without constitutional symptoms during the 14-day lead-in period of immediate-release VIRAMUNE until the rash has resolved [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. The total duration of the once daily lead-in dosing period should not exceed 28 days at which point an alternative regimen should be sought.

Patients with Hepatic Events

If a clinical (symptomatic) hepatic event occurs, permanently discontinue nevirapine. Do not restart nevirapine after recovery [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Patients with Dose Interruption

For patients who interrupt VIRAMUNE XR dosing for more than 7 days, restart the recommended lead-in dosing with immediate-release VIRAMUNE, using one 200 mg tablet daily for the first 14 days.

Patients with Renal Impairment

Patients with CrCL greater than or equal to 20 mL per min and not requiring dialysis do not require an adjustment in dosing. The pharmacokinetics of nevirapine have not been evaluated in patients with CrCL less than 20 mL per min. An additional 200 mg dose of immediate-release VIRAMUNE following each dialysis treatment is indicated in patients requiring dialysis. Nevirapine metabolites may accumulate in patients receiving dialysis; however, the clinical significance of this accumulation is not known [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. VIRAMUNE XR has not been studied in patients with renal dysfunction.

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2.1 Testing Prior to OFEV Administration

Conduct liver function tests prior to initiating treatment with OFEV [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

2.2 Recommended Dosage

The recommended dosage of OFEV is 150 mg twice daily administered approximately 12 hours apart.

OFEV capsules should be taken with food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] and swallowed whole with liquid. OFEV capsules should not be chewed or crushed because of a bitter taste. The effect of chewing or crushing of the capsule on the pharmacokinetics of nintedanib is not known.

If a dose of OFEV is missed, the next dose should be taken at the next scheduled time. Advise the patient to not make up for a missed dose. Do not exceed the recommended maximum daily dosage of 300 mg.

2.3 Dosage Modification due to Adverse Reactions

In addition to symptomatic treatment, if applicable, the management of adverse reactions of OFEV may require dose reduction or temporary interruption until the specific adverse reaction resolves to levels that allow continuation of therapy. OFEV treatment may be resumed at the full dosage (150 mg twice daily), or at the reduced dosage (100 mg twice daily), which subsequently may be increased to the full dosage. If a patient does not tolerate 100 mg twice daily, discontinue treatment with OFEV [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2, 5.4, 5.6) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Dose modifications or interruptions may be necessary for liver enzyme elevations. For aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3 times to <5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) without signs of severe liver damage, interrupt treatment or reduce OFEV to 100 mg twice daily. Once liver enzymes have returned to baseline values, treatment with OFEV may be reintroduced at a reduced dosage (100 mg twice daily), which subsequently may be increased to the full dosage (150 mg twice daily) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Discontinue OFEV for AST or ALT elevations >5 times ULN or >3 times ULN with signs or symptoms of severe liver damage.

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2.1 Recommended Dose

Indication Dosage Reduction in Risk of Stroke and Systemic Embolism in Non-valvular AF CrCl >30 mL/min: 150 mg twice daily CrCl 15 to 30 mL/min: 75 mg twice daily CrCl <15 mL/min or on dialysis: Dosing recommendations cannot be provided CrCl 30 to 50 mL/min with concomitant use of P-gp inhibitors: Reduce dose to 75 mg twice daily if given with P-gp inhibitors dronedarone or systemic ketoconazole. CrCl <30 mL/min with concomitant use of P-gp inhibitors: Avoid co-administration Treatment of DVT and PEReduction in the Risk of Recurrence of DVT and PE CrCl >30 mL/min: 150 mg twice daily CrCl ≤30 mL/min or on dialysis: Dosing recommendations cannot be provided CrCl <50 mL/min with concomitant use of P-gp inhibitors: Avoid co-administration

Reduction of Risk of Stroke and Systemic Embolism in Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation

For patients with creatinine clearance (CrCl) >30 mL/min, the recommended dose of PRADAXA is 150 mg taken orally, twice daily. For patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl 15-30 mL/min), the recommended dose of PRADAXA is 75 mg twice daily [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Dosing recommendations for patients with a CrCl <15 mL/min or on dialysis cannot be provided.

Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism

For patients with CrCl >30 mL/min, the recommended dose of PRADAXA is 150 mg taken orally, twice daily, after 5-10 days of parenteral anticoagulation. Dosing recommendations for patients with a CrCl ≤30 mL/min or on dialysis cannot be provided [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Reduction in the Risk of Recurrence of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism

For patients with CrCl >30 mL/min, the recommended dose of PRADAXA is 150 mg taken orally, twice daily after previous treatment. Dosing recommendations for patients with a CrCl ≤30 mL/min or on dialysis cannot be provided [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

2.2 Dosing Adjustments

Assess renal function prior to initiation of treatment with PRADAXA. Periodically assess renal function as clinically indicated (i.e., more frequently in clinical situations that may be associated with a decline in renal function) and adjust therapy accordingly. Discontinue PRADAXA in patients who develop acute renal failure while on PRADAXA and consider alternative anticoagulant therapy.

Generally, the extent of anticoagulation does not need to be assessed. When necessary, use aPTT or ECT, and not INR, to assess for anticoagulant activity in patients on PRADAXA [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].

Reduction of Risk of Stroke and Systemic Embolism in Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation

In patients with moderate renal impairment (CrCl 30-50 mL/min), concomitant use of the P-gp inhibitor dronedarone or systemic ketoconazole can be expected to produce dabigatran exposure similar to that observed in severe renal impairment. Reduce the dose of PRADAXA to 75 mg twice daily [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5), Drug Interactions (7.1) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Treatment and Reduction in the Risk of Recurrence of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism

Dosing recommendations for patients with CrCl ≤30 mL/min cannot be provided. Avoid use of concomitant P-gp inhibitors in patients with CrCl <50 mL/min [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5), Drug Interactions (7.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

2.3 Instructions to Patients

Instruct patients to swallow the capsules whole. PRADAXA should be taken with a full glass of water. Breaking, chewing, or emptying the contents of the capsule can result in increased exposure [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

If a dose of PRADAXA is not taken at the scheduled time, the dose should be taken as soon as possible on the same day; the missed dose should be skipped if it cannot be taken at least 6 hours before the next scheduled dose. The dose of PRADAXA should not be doubled to make up for a missed dose.

2.4 Converting from or to Warfarin

When converting patients from warfarin therapy to PRADAXA, discontinue warfarin and start PRADAXA when the INR is below 2.0.

When converting from PRADAXA to warfarin, adjust the starting time of warfarin based on creatinine clearance as follows:

For CrCl ≥50 mL/min, start warfarin 3 days before discontinuing PRADAXA. For CrCl 30-50 mL/min, start warfarin 2 days before discontinuing PRADAXA. For CrCl 15-30 mL/min, start warfarin 1 day before discontinuing PRADAXA. For CrCl <15 mL/min, no recommendations can be made.

Because PRADAXA can increase INR, the INR will better reflect warfarin’s effect only after PRADAXA has been stopped for at least 2 days [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].

2.5 Converting from or to Parenteral Anticoagulants

For patients currently receiving a parenteral anticoagulant, start PRADAXA 0 to 2 hours before the time that the next dose of the parenteral drug was to have been administered or at the time of discontinuation of a continuously administered parenteral drug (e.g., intravenous unfractionated heparin).

For patients currently taking PRADAXA, wait 12 hours (CrCl ≥30 mL/min) or 24 hours (CrCl <30 mL/min) after the last dose of PRADAXA before initiating treatment with a parenteral anticoagulant [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

2.6 Discontinuation for Surgery and Other Interventions

If possible, discontinue PRADAXA 1 to 2 days (CrCl ≥50 mL/min) or 3 to 5 days (CrCl <50 mL/min) before invasive or surgical procedures because of the increased risk of bleeding. Consider longer times for patients undergoing major surgery, spinal puncture, or placement of a spinal or epidural catheter or port, in whom complete hemostasis may be required [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

If surgery cannot be delayed, there is an increased risk of bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. This risk of bleeding should be weighed against the urgency of intervention [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.3)].

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To receive the full dose of medication, SPIRIVA RESPIMAT must be administered as two inhalations once-daily. Do not take more than one dose (2 inhalations) in 24 hours.

Prior to first use, the SPIRIVA RESPIMAT cartridge is inserted into the SPIRIVA RESPIMAT inhaler and the unit is primed. When using the unit for the first time, patients are to actuate the inhaler toward the ground until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times. The unit is then considered primed and ready for use. If not used for more than 3 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler once to prepare the inhaler for use. If not used for more than 21 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process three more times to prepare the inhaler for use [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].

2.1 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The recommended dosage for patients with COPD is 2 inhalations of SPIRIVA RESPIMAT 2.5 mcg per actuation once-daily; total dose equals 5 mcg of SPIRIVA RESPIMAT.

2.2 Asthma

The recommended dosage for patients with asthma is 2 inhalations of SPIRIVA RESPIMAT 1.25 mcg per actuation once-daily; total dose equals 2.5 mcg of SPIRIVA RESPIMAT. In the treatment of asthma, the maximum benefits in lung function may take up to 4 to 8 weeks of dosing [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].

2.3 Special Populations

No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric, hepatically-impaired, or renally-impaired patients. However, patients with moderate to severe renal impairment given SPIRIVA RESPIMAT should be monitored closely for anticholinergic effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6), Use in Specific Populations (8.5, 8.6, 8.7), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].